English 2 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 2

English 2 - Essay Example The essay will include a possible solution of bringing healthy restaurant that will encourage healthy eating to avoid obesity and overweight problems amongst students. In the last three decades, Sale of fast foods in University restaurants has increased dramatically. Fast foods from retailers such as McDonald and taco bell are served school restaurants in most colleges and universities. Junk food and sweetened drinks are what most students at University of Colorado depend on. Most of them do so due to lack of other options. Snacks such as fries and burgers are very popular amongst students. Lack of healthy alternatives in the school restaurants make most students turn to eating junk food without considering the side effects (â€Å"Havard University† Web). There are several risks associated with eating fast foods, which comprise of junks and snacks. The fast foods have high level of calories in addition to excess fat. The major risk is increase in cases of obesity and overweight. Overweight is associated with other problems such as low self-esteem amongst student, which can affect their academic performance. Additionally, being overweight exposes student to other disorders such as heart problems and high blood pressure. Studies have shown that food with high levels of fat slow down blood flow since they lead to accumulation of bad cholesterol in the body (â€Å"Harvard University† Web). There is need for introduction of restaurants that will offer healthier foods to curb cases of obesity and overweight amongst students at University of Colorado. Having an organic restaurant at University of Colorado would improve the food environment for the students. The best option would be opening of organic restaurant to offer foods with adequate nutritional value without risking the health of the students. Other than offering sweetened drinks, organic restaurants would

Stv Essay Example for Free

Stv Essay Technology is inevitable -Technology is not always inevitable -Societies can reject technology (rejection of the US SST) Various versions: technology is autonomous, unstoppable, out of control; technology is an end to itself, â€Å"progress is inevitable† According to Jacques Ellul: ‘‘‘Technique’ had permeated all aspects of society. It is an autonomous and unrelenting substitution of means for ends. Modern society’s vast ensemble of techniques had become self-engendering and had accelerated out of humanity’s control. According to Theodore Roszak: Technocracy is society governed by technical experts appealing to scientific knowledge; it is ‘‘‘ideologically invisible’’’ if you accept rationality and efficiency without question

Huck Finns Journey to Adolescence

Huck Finns Journey to Adolescence Holden Caulfield, the protagonist of Catcher in the Rye, takes a journey into maturity in order to form into an adult from an adolescent. Holden struggles to find the maturity and responsibility for manhood, struggling from hypocrisy and misunderstanding. In order for him to reach that sense of sophistication, Holden has to complete his journey with reversing his sense of thinking and his acknowledgement of his superiority toward the environment around him. He eventually figures out his faker views and attempts to change from his experience with others. He eventually fails to change from his past view on hypocrisy from others and himself, seeking professional help at the end, [an assistance that helps fix his hypocrisy issuesAM]. On the contrary to Holden Caulfield, Huck evolves his adolescence by learning from his experiences on others and using his moral conscience to find what is right to him. Huck, still on a mission to adolescence to adulthood, fixes his teachings from others to form his personal thoughts and expanding on his experiences from the past involving family and views on slavery. In Mark Twains novel The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, Hucks adventures on land and his evolving relationship with Jim depicts the importance of heating his experiences together during his adolescence. The Widow and Pap relations with Huck on land teach him about the importance of freedom and of ones desires. The Widow taking Huck in, couldnt stand it no longer he lit out, not enjoying the stay with Miss Watson and the Widow therefore, he follows what others want, and what others want him to do is stay with the widow and doesnt stay because he wants to. Huck, not being deprived of his complete freedom, doesnt want to be with the Widow reflecting some case of imprisonment in his early life . The widow also forces Huck to do activities that he doesnt really want to do. Huck is made to learn bible stories which he thinks is futile because [he] dont take no stock in dead people (2), and even to go to school, even though [he] dont take no stoke in mathematics (15). [Captured in a psychological imprisonmentPaPP], the widow persuades Huck to complete and learn the tasks that she feels are necessary for him like bible stories and math. Tom contributes to this mental imprisonment as well wh en Tom Sawyer gang is founded. Huck, born an orphan, requires a type of sacrifice for the oath Tom Sawyers gang has if someone was to go against their back against the gang and betray them;however, Huck has no one except the Widow in which he is essentially constricted to for the gang, Tom says every boy must have a family or somebody to kill, or else it wouldnt be fair and square for the others (8). [Losing his freedom progressivelyPrPP], Huck cannot leave the Widow and Miss Watson as he has to stay with them being something he doesnt prefer, teaching him the importance of decision making on his own. Later, [when Pap physically imprisons Huck-AdjSC], Huck transitions from one with lack of freedom psychologically to both being imprisoned physically and psychologically. Pap locking Huck in the cabin, strips Huck of his rights while at the same time teaching him a lesson on how important freedom is.ÂÂ   Pap goes to lock the door and keep the key under his pillow to prevent an att empted escape from Huck when he is sleeping, still trapping him. This trap contains Hucks want for freedom, [a freedom of being freed physically- RWM]. Hucks experiences with Pap and the Widow makes Huck urn for personal freedom that he wasnt entitled to as a child. Hucks experience with the Wilks teaches him about the honesty and trust in strong relationships to be supported. Urning to be more friendly towards Mary Jane, Huck notifies her about the scheme between the King and Duke. Huck believes that him telling her improves his relations with her even though he ever seen her since she walked out that door (191). Later on however, Huck follows up with proof that exhibits the strength of his bond with Mary Jane saying that he thought of her a many and a many a million times (191), explaining how relationships can be formed from honesty and trust. The connection with Mary Jane being based on honesty prevents him from being untruthful and lying instinctively towards others, an example being the statement from Levi Bell. Huck also learns another lesson from the Wilks; he learns the connections that Slave Owners can also portray sad emotional feelings toward their Slaves. The day after the funeral, the king sold the niggers (182) as property without the sisters being notified about the situation and the selling came as a surprise. [Mary Jane cryingAbP], she learns that her slaves are being sold thus separating their families apart from one another. This is a metanoia towards Huck as he has never seen anyone else be concerned with another slaves life and emotions, allowing him to connect to Jim even more. He now knows that he is not the only person breaking the social norm of bridging the race gap by showing compassion to someone that isnt white. Hucks decision to not turn in Jim is influenced by his experience with the Widow and Pap and how he lost some of his freedom evolving his relationship with Jim. Huck knows that Jim yearns for the same freedom that he was not able to have, helping Jim out from his experiences. Even though Huck wouldnt turn Jim in due to him saying that he said he wouldnt, and hell stick to it(43),ÂÂ   he had another reason to not turn Jim in besides his thoughts; he was influenced by his involvement with Pap and the widow. He understood that Jim had his rights and freedom restrained like he did and wanted him to experience something different than the restriction his parents gave him during his childhood. Continuing to help Jim instinctively while facing troubles, his late internal conflicts exemplify the knowledge he has of the sin he has commited by helping Jim. However; Huck was still searching for freedom after achieving it from escaping and can relate to Jims search for freedom. His experien ces compunction about helping Jim resurfaces when he remembers about widow and Pap. Remembering what the Widow and Miss Watson have taught Huck, he feels guilty helpingÂÂ   Jim , but still decides to assist him even knowing he will be going to hell(214). [He would rather go to hell for his actions, than tell the truth to Miss Watson// Structure], protecting Jim from being enslaved again. From his moral dilemma with himself, Huck feels guilty only after remembering what Miss Watson has done for him and what he has done to pay her back. He fights the urge to tell Miss Watson about Jim, with both of them seeking a greater freedom in their life. Huck, influenced by his memory and experiences with Pap and Widow, displays his ability to learn from experience during his adolescence. Huck also reflects what he saw with Wilks family. He now establishes and acknowledges that relationships should be built off of trust. Huck then connects his relationship with Jim towards these ideas and M ary Janes view of slaves. He realizes that he would be breaking the trust and friendship he established with Jim as he is Jims old friend in the world. And the only one hes got now (214) Huck cannot deal with breaking Jims trust and contemplates the dilemma and feud toward blacks and whites. He is also aware that he shouldnt break away Jims feelings with him, like how the slaves from the Wilks felt and that they shouldnt be separated from each other. Huck understands that feuds are breakable and attempts to bridge the gap between the races which he would have never thought of doing before his experiences. Huck coalesces his experiences together from land and on the raft with Jim to develop his sense of moral conscience. Through this development from experiences, Huck can be compared to any child that goes through different experiences and guidance to form who they are, they just each have a different story. These experiences can be a developing factor that formulates theÂÂ   concepts and the type of person someone is. In society, many children use their experiences in school and parental guidance to form whom they will become. With their experience in school and parental guidance, they use this criterion to find out their attitude and their formation as a person and can radically change their ideas and motives. Without these understandings, children are in a sense of free world in where they have to develop themselves without guidelines but still form into who they are. Works Cited Twain, Mark. The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn. New York: Bantum, 1981. Print.

Alcohol & Drug Abuse: A Psychobiological Trait In Human Societies Essay

Introduction Anthropology can be defined as the science of physical, social, material, and cultural development of man, including his origin, evolution, distribution, customs, beliefs, and folkways. Anthropologists are concerned with the ways in which human groups and communities cope with the immense changes in their physical and sociopolitical environments in recent decades. Today, many anthropologists feel the need to solve contemporary problems in society, not just study human existence. Specifically, the contemporary problem of drug and alcohol abuse is an issue of great importance worth examining for anthropologists as well as sociologists and other professionals who study factors that influence human behavior. "For thousands of years people in nearly every culture have used drugs as medicines, to alter mental states as part of religious or social rituals, or simply for individual effects" (Starr, 1997, p. 242). Cross­Cultural Definition of Drug and Alcohol Use/Abuse According to the Dictionary of Anthropology (1966), "there is often an elaborate symbolism involved in the choice of different social and ceremonial occasions" (G.K.Hall & Co., p. 83). For example, "manioc" beer is the traditional beverage for a communal work party in many Amazonian native groups and is associated with sociability, family and communal life. "Aquardiente" liquor, which is obtained from the non­native patron, is reserved for less social drinking patterns and is often identified with aggressive behavior as fighting, for example. On the other hand, hallucinogen drugs are reserved for Shamanistic and religious occasions. They are a means of communicating with reality governed by Shamanistic spirits. All human groups possess a r... ...e, The Chimpanzees of Gombe, Belnap Press of Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA: 1986. Heath, Dwight, Constructive Drinking, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, MA: 1987. Heath, Dwight B, Encyclopedia of Cultural Anthropology, Vol. 1, American Reference Publishing Co., Inc., Lakeville, CT: 1996. Kottak, Conrad Philip, Cultural Anthropology, Mc Graw­Hill Publishing, Inc., New York: 1994. Lee, Richard B., The Dobe Ju/'hoansi, Harcourt Brace College Publishers, Orlando: 1993. Lisansky, Edith S., International Encyclopedia of the Social Sciences, Vol. 4., Collier and MacMillan, Inc:, 1968. Murdock, George Peter, Our Primitive Contemporaries, The Mac Millan Co., Inc., New York: 1934. Shell, Ellen Ruppel, "Flesh and Bone", Discover, December, 1991. Starr, Cecie, Human Biology, Wadsworth Publishing Co, Belmont, California: 1997.

Adrenalin Rush

The world was getting too crowded and so, Zues, created a war and that was the Trojan war†¦ Farwell between Hector and Andromache Iliad book VI Hector: (went in the house looking for Andromache) Andromache†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. (He looked everywhere but she’s not there) Be so good to tell me where your mistress has gone. To one of my sisters or to Athena’s temple where the women are making supplication? Housekeeper: No, sir, not to any of the family, nor to Athena’s where the women are all gone to offer their supplication. Housekeeper2: to tell the truth, sir. She has gone up on the walls, because she heard that our people were in danger and the enemy was getting the best of it. She just gone off in a great hurry like one distracted, with the nurse carrying the boy. (Hector went back by same way along the streets till he reached Scaian gates. ) (Andromache saw him and run towards him. The nurse followed her carrying the child. ) Andromache: My dearest, how can you do it? Your courage will be your death! Have you no pity for your baby, or your unhappy wife, who will soon be your widow! Soon the enemies will rush upon you and kill you! And I, if I lose you, it would be better for me to go down into my grave. There will be no comfort for me if you are killed, but only sorrow. (Hector put his arms on her shoulder) Hector: I won’t be killed promise. (Smiled) Andromache: I have no father and no mother now. My father was slain by Achilles; he lay waste my home. Thebe, with its lofty towers; he killed Eetion, my father. My seven brothers all went down to Hades in one day for that terrible Achilles killed them all amid their cattle and sheep. My mother, who was queen in that place, was brought away a prisoner. Cries) So you are my father and my mother, Hector; you are my brother; you are my loving husband! Then pity me and stay here behind the walls; do not make your boy an orphan and your wife a widow! But post your men by the fig tree, where the wall may be scaled most. Hector: I have not forgotten all that, my wife, but I could not show my face before the men or the women of Troy if I sulked like a coward out of the way. And I will not do it, for I have learned how to bear myself bravely in front of the battle and to win credit for my father and for myself. One thing I know indeed in my heart and soul-a day shall come when scared Troy shall perish, and Priam and the people of Priam; but my sorrow is not so much for what will happen to the people, or to my mother, or King Priam, or my brothers, when all those good and true men shall fall in the dust before the enemies-but for you, when armed men shall drive you away weeping and take from you the day of freedom. To think that you should live in a foreign land, ply the loom at the orders of another woman; that should carry water from strange fountains, crushed under stern necessity-a hateful task! That someone should see you shedding tears, and say ‘there is Hector’s wife, and he was the first and best brave Trojans when there was a war about Troy’-and he will make your pain ever fresh, while there is no such man to save you from the day of slavery. May I be dead and buried deep in the earth before I hear your cries and see you dragged away! (Hector tries to held hands to his son, but the child was afraid of him for he was wearing his armour. ) (Hector took off his helmet, grabs his son and raised him) Hector: o Zeus and all ye heavenly gods! Grant this, my son, may be as notable among our people as I am, and let him be as strong, and let him rule Troy in his strength! When he goes to war, let them say ‘This man is much better than his father! ’ May he kill his enemy and bring home the bloodstained spoils and give joy to his mother’s heart. (Hector kissed the forehead of his wife) *THE clashing!!!!! * Achilles: (shouting) Hector!!!!!!†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. Hector!!!!†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. Get out there!!!! Let’s fight!!!! (at the walls) Hector: my love, farewell. Don’t cry for I will be back bringing Achilles’ head to you. I should be going now†¦ Achilles!!!!! What air brought you here all alone! Are you out of your mind? Achilles: How dare you kill my friend Patroclos†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ you must DIE!!!!!! AHHHHHHHHH†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ (they fought fiercely until only one man remained standing. ) Achilles: you people of Troy is no match to me!!!! (He tied a rope to Hector’s body and trolled it around the grounds of their battle field. ) (at the tower in Troy) Priam: How cruel are you! How can you do that to my son†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ (cries) Queen: (holding the arm of his husband. Crying) oh.. my son†¦. Priam: (put his arms around the queen) Andromache: Hector!!!!!!!!!!! (Cried so hard) (Achilles brought Hector’s body to their camp) *Ransom of Hectors body* (Priam went to Achilles tent) (Automedon and Alcimos had just finished eating) Priam: Remember your own father, most noble Prince Achilles, an old man like me near the end of his days. It may be that he is distressed by those who lived around him, and there is no one to defend him from peril and death. But he indeed, so long as he hears that you still, is glad at heart and hopes every day that he will see his well-loved son return home from Troy. But I am all unhappy since I had the best sons in the broad land Troy and not one of them is left. All have fallen in the battle; and the only one who by himself was our safeguard-the one you have killed. I come now to your camp to redeem him from you, and I bring a rich ransom. O Achilles, fear God and pity me, remembering your own father but I am more pitied. I have endured to do what no other man in the world has ever done-to kiss the hand of the man who slew my sons. Achilles: ah! Poor man indeed your heart has borne many sorrows! How could you come to Achaian camp alone? How could you bear to look at the man who killed your noble sons, as I have done? Your heart must be made of steel. Come now, sit down upon a seat. We will let our sorrows lie deep in our hearts awhile, for there is no profit in freezing lamination. This is the way of the gods have spun their threads for poor mortals! Our life is all sorrow, but they are untroubled themselves. Priam: tell me not yet to be seated, gracious prince, while Hector lies here uncared for. I pray you set him free quickly, that I may look upon him; and accept the ransom that we bring, a great treasure. May you live to enjoy it and return to your own country, since you have spared me first? Achilles: i mean myself to set your Hector free. Zeus sent me a message by my mother, the daughter of the old man of the sea. And I understand quite well, sir that some god brought you into our camp. For no mere man would dare among us, let him be ever so young and strong. He could not escape the guards, and he could not easily lift the bolt of our doors. (Achilles returned the body of hector) Achilles: your son, sir has been set free as you asked, and he lies on his bier. At break of day you shall see him yourself, on your journey, but now let us think of supper. Venerable prince, let us two also think of something to eat. After that, you may weep for your son again when you have brought him back to Troy. Many tears he will cost you! (After eating, they look at each other admiring each one) (Priam brought Hector’s body back to Troy. And Cassandra was the first one to see them coming) Cassandra: (shouting) come, all you men and women of Troy! You shall see Hector. Come if ever you were glad while he lived to welcome his return from battle, for he was a great gladness to the city and all the nation. (Hector’s wife and his mother came running towards the wagon. ) Priam: let the mules pass. When I have brought him into our house you will have plenty of time to lament. Andromache: my husband, you perished out of life, still young, and left me a widow in the house! (Cries) the boy is only a baby, your son and my son, doomed father, doomed mother! And he think will never grow up to manhood; long before, our city will be utterly laid waste. For you have perished, you our watchman, you our only savoir, who kept safe our wives and little children! They will soon be carried off in ships, and I with them. And you, my child-you will go with me where degrading tasks will be found for you to do, driven by a merciless master; or some enemy will catch you by the arm, and throw you over the wall of painful death, in revenge perhaps for some brother that Hector killed, or father, or son maybe, since many man bit the dust under the hands of Hector. You father was not gentle in the field of battle! Hector!!!!! But for me most of all, cruel sorrow is my lot. For you did not stretch out to me your dying hands from your deathbed. You said no precious word to me, which I might always remember night and day with tears! Queen: Hector, best beloved of all my children, dearest to my heart! Living, the gods loved you well; therefore, they have cared for you even when death is your lot. Other sons of mine Achilles took, and he would sell them over the barren sea, one to Samos, one to Imbros, or to steaming Lamnos; but you-when he had torn out your soul ith his sharp blade, he dragged you again and again around the grave of his comrade you slew. But that did not bring him back from the grave! And now you lie in my house fresh as the morning dew, like one that Apollo has visited and slain with his gentle shafts! Helen: Hector, best beloved of all my good brothers, and dearest to my heart! Indeed my husband is Prince Alexandros, who brought me to Troy-but would that I had died first! Twenty years have passed since I left my country and came here, but I never heard from you one unkind or slighting word. If anyone else reproached me, a sister or brother of yours, or a brother’s wife, or your mother- for your father was always as kind as if he were mine-you would reprove them; you would check them with your gentle spirit and gentle words. Therefore I weep for you and with you for my unhappy self. For there is no else in the length and bread of Troy who is kind or friendly; they shall shudder at me. Priam: now, Trojans, fetch wood into the city, and have no fear of any ambush of our enemies. For Achilles in parting from me promised that he would do us no harm until the twelfth day shall dawn. (Funeral service)

Humanities Today Essay

This paper discusses the definition of humanities and differentiate between the humanities and other modes of human inquiry and expression. It also includes examples that reflect current developments in politics, socioeconomics, and examples in the following types of humanities; art, music, architecture, philosophy, and literature. Defining Humanities The humanities can be defined as knowledge that investigates the human experience, and studies human culture, such as the arts, literature, philosophy, history, including other human endeavors. Gaining knowledge from others’ records of the human experience offers us the  opportunity to feel a connection to other cultures and to those from the past, as well as with our contemporaries (Stanford University, 2015). Modes of Human Inquiry and Expression The difference between the visualization of humanity and the practical application of humanity is the understanding of the critical observation of what humanity should be as opposed to what humanity is. In other words, they focus on ideas and values, not just the creation or outcome of an action. Other modes of human inquiry include the study of non-human subjects like in mathematics or natural sciences and do not have much to do with the creative human  endeavors. The humanities are committed to studying the aspects of the human condition using a qualitative approach that normally prevent a single paradigm from defining any discipline. Some studies included in humanities can also be regarded as social sciences in other studies that include; communications, cultural studies, archaeology, and history. Examples of the Humanities HUMANITIES TODAY 3 Humanities are the experiences of the human being that can be visual, audible, and even felt by touch. They can be expressed through art, music, architecture, philosophy, and literature.  Art Art include paintings, photography, sculptures, and architecture. The artist can express their emotions, cultural ideals, even political views through their work. There are many classic artists such as Michelangelo who are well renowned which will continue centuries after their time. Artists, like Michelangelo, were commissioned to produce for organizations such as the Roman Catholic Church (Drake, 2008). Michelangelo viewed himself as a sculptor and quite reluctantly took on the task of painting the ceilings of the Sistine Chapel. No doubt there was a  political agenda and at one point Michelangelo was accused of being a heretic because his work reflected disturbing, past events by the church. A contemporary example would be pop artist Andy Warhol. Beginning in the late 1970’s, Warhol created paintings that were abstract, which is an example of how humans have the ability to think conceptually. Now, art can be digitally mass-produced and distributed which creates a large market for sales and profits, although not necessarily for the artist. Music Music is a common form of expression used to communicate current trends, politics, technology and socioeconomics. The most common genre of music today that expresses all of these messages is hip-hop music. Specifically â€Å"Gangsta rap represents part of a larger focus on hip hop and politics that is popular within the media and among scholarly research and the prominence of gangsta rap in the late 1980s and early 1990s prompted the association between hip hop and violence that contemporary social scientists theorize† (Gilliam, 2007). Architecture HUMANITIES TODAY 4 There are several different methods within modernism style of architecture. The modernist style looks for function rather than trying to reproduce the natural environment. There are several forms within the modernism style they include: structuralism, formalism, Bauhaus, the international style, brutalism, and minimalism. The features of modernism includes the fact there is little embellishment or decoration, man-made supplies are used (metal and concrete). Architects in the 20th century include I. M. Pei. In the Early Twentieth-Century modern architects used materials such as ferroconcrete and structural steel in conjunction with the cantilever to build beautiful ensembles. Frank Lloyd Wright (1869-1959), was one of the first American architects of world significance. He introduced a new style. He combined the new technology of steel and glass with the aesthetic principles of Asian architecture [ (Fiero, 2006) ]. In 1909 Wright completed the Robie House in Chicago. This marked the beginning of a long career creating memorable masterpieces. Today most of these techniques have inspired many of the current styles enjoyed by millions. Philosophy Philosophy is defined as a â€Å"comprehensive system of ideas about human nature and the nature of the reality we live in and is a guide for living, because the issues it addresses are basic  and pervasive, determining the course we take in life and how we treat other people† (Thomas, 2005). Major philosophers of the 20th century include Carl Jung, Albert Camus, and Bertrand Russell. Literature Literature provides readers a written composition comprised of current or previous cultural issues. According to the Department of State’s website â€Å"Social and economic advances have enabled previously underrepresented groups to express themselves more fully, while HUMANITIES TODAY 5 technological innovations have created a fast-moving public forum† (U. S. Department of State, 2007). One example of a current piece of literature is the novel, The Kite Runner. The book was written by Khaled Hosseini and â€Å"tells of childhood friends in Kabul separated by the rule of the Taliban† (U. S. Department of State, 2007) Conclusion The study of humanities is an ever changing journey. Humanities will changes with the questions and expression about every generation to come. Humanities are unique in that a quest for the purpose and meaning of the human life is being sought. As time goes on, the study of humanities will be become broader, taking with it all the questions of yesterday. HUMANITIES TODAY 6 References Drake, C. (2008, November). Did Michelangelo have a hidden agenda? The Wall Street Journal. Retrieved from http://www. wsj. com/articles/SB122661765227326251 Fiero, G. K. (2011). The Humanistic Tradition Book 3: The European Renaissance, The Reformation, and Global Encounter. McGraw-Hill 6e Stanford University. (2015). Home of the Human Experience. Stanford University, Stanford, California. Retrieved from http://shc. stanford. edu/ Thomas, W. (2005). What is philosophy? Retrieved from http://objectivistcenter. org/cth–409- FAQ_Philosophy. aspx.